banana dna extraction lab report conclusion

DNA extraction is a method to purify DNA by using physical and/or chemical methods from a sample separating DNA from cell membranes, proteins, and other cellular components. Possible Materials and Equipment Measuring cup . Mashing the banana exposes a greater surface area from which to extract the DNA. The procedure contains three steps (digestion, Incubation, and centrifugation). You are looking at DNA! The coffee filter was specifically placed in the cup so that it did not touch the bottom. % >> Two of the nitrogenous bases, adenine and guanine, belong to a group of compounds known as purines. 0tx AA~/''8szs' / J~tG x #. 0000004435 00000 n The probable reason for the tinted brown shade in the human epithelial DNA and not the strawberry DNA is that human epithelial DNA is extracted from one's mouth in which. Watch biologist Melissa Wilson Sayres as she shows you step-by-step how to extract DNA from a banana. The DNA precipitates out of the solution when the alcohol is added. When subjected to certain conditions, it is possible to collect large amounts of DNA to make it visible. D. student in bioinformatics at the University of Georgia. 1 What is the purpose of extracting DNA from banana? If the steps were altered then the yield or the amount of DNA per banana could have been very small because the DNA would get trapped inside the cells or bound to lipids. Approximately 2ml of cold 95% ethanol was added into each test tube. DNA contains the instructions required to build each living thing. Write reflection paper about this question. DNA is a component of living and once-living things. Order custom essay Extracting Dna from Bananas Johns Hopkins University Press. 5) /SMask /None>> Isopropyl rubbing alcohol allows me to see the DNA because when molecules are insoluble the clump together and become visible so the alcohol makes the DNA insoluble making it become visible. Conclusion Purpose : This lab was conducted in order to show and analyze the way DNA is extracted. In this activity, you will extract DNA from banana, strawberry and kiwi fruits. For more info, see, Modern Language Association, 7th Ed. What does soap do when you wash your hands. In 1944, a group of scientists led by Canadian biologist Oswald Avery performed an experiment that would determine which molecule in a heat-killed bacterium was most important for transformation to occur. << 0000045111 00000 n The enzymes in softens the phospholipids in the cell membrane and denatures the DNAse Test 2 Amount of DNA extracted Figure 1. The solution had to be blended for 15 to 20 seconds, until it became a dense mixture. 0000040445 00000 n This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. (Remove the skin of the bananas and kiwi, we just want the insides!) The white DNA could be seen precipitating out of the alcohol layer. 20 mL DNA extraction buffer (15 g NaCl/ 1 L water) 1 mL liquid dishwashing detergent Ice -cold 95% ethanol or 95% isopropyl alcohol 1/3 banana . The salt enables the DNA strands to come together, or aggregate. Step 2: Put the banana into a bag. endobj Extracting quality DNA from scale insects, including mealybugs, can be difficult due to their small body size and waxy coating. Hypothesis: So when seeing it without a high-poweredmicroscopewhat does DNA look like? "Seeing DNA". endobj 20g of banana was added into each ziplock bag labeled 'Extraction 1' and 'Extraction 2' 3. What You Need Banana Salt Warm water Liquid soap Blender Toothpicks Strainer Glass jar Rubbing alcohol Knife Here's How DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Aim: To extract DNA from a banana using simple household items Hypothesis: DNA is found in the cells of every living organism. JFIF d d C DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd, 80% found this document useful, Mark this document as useful, 20% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful, Save extracting dna from a banana experiment For Later. Using the wooden coffee stirrer, the DNA can be spooled out of the solution. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. They produce molecules called proteins that do most of the work in the body. re$ease% !rom the ce$$. 0000001339 00000 n This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Genetic testing can best be defined as a process in which an individuals DNA is isolated and tested for the presence of specific genes or defects that could indicate the future onset of some disease. Overall, the Lab: Extracting DNA from Bananas demonstrated and visualized the process of how DNA can be seen from the naked eye by removing DNA directly from bananas. The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine. Furthermore, analysis of forensic evidence is defined as the application of forensic science and technology to identify specific objects from the trace evidence they leave, often at a crime scene or the scene of an accident. We will use common household products to break apart the cells in a banana and extract out the DNA. Purpose : Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Some of the protein is still present. 0000003225 00000 n Extract: to draw or pull something out (especially from another material). The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". 0000001162 00000 n endobj <<37B5D6E5CA566B46AF6D8E49138E4E7A>]>> the so$ut#o" whe" the a$coho$, #s a%%e%. 1 1 . Why is working with linked genes not simple? These comprise the genetic alphabet which in various combinations, will specify the components of proteins. Materials: Half a peeled banana distilled water plastic sealable bag or beaker plastic cup shampoo or dishwashing liquid table salt A very simple and inexpensive method for high-throughput DNA extraction from animal tissues has been developed. Although most mutants are either impersonal or harmful they are besides the natural stuff for development. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Then a plastic pipette was filled with the filtrate two times and added to the alcohol. 10 minutes with: Explore how the human body functions as one unit in harmony in order to life //= $post_title //= $post_title This procedure is designed to extract DNA from kiwi in sufficient quantity to be seen and spooled. Within every living organism, most cells contain a complete set of DNA instructions. * To investigate the effect of temperature on DNA extraction from bananas. Figure 1. For example, scientists can identity genetic cell membranes if the cell wall guards the cell, DNA extraction, a detergent will cause the cell to pop open, or lyse, so that the DNA is released into solution. You may understand that mashing a banana can break cells apart and help break apart cell walls, but why was all that other stuff added? With This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. There are four types of nucleotides which vary depending on the four nitrogenous bases of the molecule. In this activity, you will extract and observe DNA from bananas. Banana DNA Experiment This DNA extraction is simple and works every time but the DNA is not pure. Then the bananas were mushed more. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. The banana mixtures were cooled in the ice chest containing ice for 2 minutes. However, it is nice because the students get to see and hold in their hand the substance they have been studying that seems so abstract and hard to believe it even exists. /Length 8 0 R And because DNA doesn't dissolve in alcohol, this substance helps DNA to cluster into a separate layer. DNA molecule exists in cells as a long coiled structure often described as a double helix. endstream endobj 165 0 obj <>/Size 135/Type/XRef>>stream ?>. the solution. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. * Peter J. Bowler (1989). Result Photo 1: Test tubes containing solution S and SS CONCLUSION. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". 4 0 obj Lea being the main narrator, sat up on her knees, Inviting the audience In to listen and seemed more comforting and engaged, whereas Phil communicated with the audience with the. 2 0 obj If I mash up a living organism , then I can isolate the DNA . DNA Extraction process DNA is an incredibly small molecule, but in large quantities, it can be seen. Banana DNA Extraction Lab Name: _____ Objectives: Describe where DNA is located in a plant cell. (c) Or, slowly pour the alcohol down the inside of the test tube with a pasteur pipette or medicine dropper. 0000002160 00000 n Three examples of why scientists might need to indentify DNA are for genetic testing, body identification, and analysis of forensic evidence. and animals have DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). 0. g of salt was added into flask SS. As part of the chromosomes, the information contained in genes can be transmitted faithfully by parents through gametes to their offspring. The liquid soap is added to help break down cell membranes to release the DNA. Breaking cells open to release the DNA. Throughout the entire experiment there were many possible ways that the ending result of the appearance of the DNA could have differed. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. What is the best fruit to extract DNA from? /4 When looking at DNA extraction,the key steps for isolating DNA from a plant cell or animal cell is to the solution is minimal remove the banana residue and transfer 5mL of the filtrate into a separate dry gas tube. Even though the procedures vary considerably, they involve three main steps: lysis of cell wall, cell membrane and nuclear membrane, isolation of DNA from other cell inclusions, and purification of the extracted DNA. o/ H|9 O7ze~.p -s'NK SNlg7WO dq=}i43 /Width 625 For molecular research, the quality and integrity of DNA obtained will affect the reliability of subsequent results. It also controls many of the features that make an organism unique. with free plagiarism report. The authors pay attention to genetic basis. What properties do bases have? While you may know of the double-helix structure of DNA, you can't see that structure with the naked eye. Place the banana onto a plate. Do this for 30 to 45 seconds. 20g of banana was added into each ziplock bag labeled Extraction 1 and Extraction 2 3. Community Solutions, The Mysterious Case of the Missing Periods, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/10/, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/717/04/, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/08/, 1/2 peeled ripe banana (you can also use strawberries or other fruit), very cold rubbing alcohol (isopropyl alcohol) placed in freezer ahead of time. My averages of all three fruits range from a difference compared to the other fruit of 1.67, 0.33 and 2. 9. 48 Vitosha Boulevard, ground floor, 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria Bulgarian reg. Essentials of Genetics. The filtration step (pouring the mixture through the strainer) allows for the collection of the DNA and other cellular substances. You don't want the mixture to become too foamy. What scientific advances have made this possible? We do in fact share about 50% of our genes with plants including bananas. Bananas have 44.1% of genetic makeup in common with humans. Humans share 50% of our DNA with a banana.. 2 What are the benefits of extracting DNA? We are going to use fruits because they are soft and easy to pulverize. By continuing well assume youre on board with our 19 April, 2016. https://askabiologist.asu.edu/activities/banana-dna, Melissa Wilson Sayres. 2 0 obj Then eight millilitres of DNA buffer was then added to the pure. Some of the protein is still present. We understood how a buffer solutions disrupts the plasma membrane and releasing cellular components into the solution. 10 What do we have in common with the banana plant? endobj database? ASU - Ask A Biologist. This complementarity between adenine and cytosine nitrogenuos base pairs and between guanine and cytosine nitrogenuos base pase pairs, attracted to one another by hydrogen bonds, is critical to genetic function. Because DNA exists inside of cell and ultimately inside of the nucleus proteins must be denatured to locate the DNA. &t #s, #"cre%#b$y sma$$' but we ca" see #t by extract#"g DN a"%, %#st#$$e% water #" the p$ast#c bag' sea$ the bag a"%, so$ut#o" s$ow$y !or about a m#"ute u"t#$ the shampoo, the empty cup. %%EOF support@phdessay.com. The book is also an excellent resource for those studying or researching food technology, food science, food engineering, food packaging, applied nutrition, biotechnology, and more. Potential of independent assortment in meiosis I C. They reside on different chromosomes D. One gene often. Views 778 Extracting DNA from Bananas In the Lab: Extracting DNA from Bananas, DNA was removed from bananas that had been blended with water in order to examine how DNA is seen from the naked eye. What do we have in common with the banana plant? The DNA kiwi extraction shows how simple it may be to extract DNA from a living organism which is very essential because DNA gives important information DNA. DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is found in all living things. Need urgent help with your paper? The test tubes were then observed. REFERENCES: BOOKS: * Neil A. Campbell, Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson, Biology (8th Ed), Pearson International Edition: Pearson, Benjamin Cummings. 0000002514 00000 n All of the above steps were completed in the same manner for the banana DNA extraction except DNA and small cell debris to filter through. Materials for each group of students: Each strand is made up of a chain of nucleotides. number: 206095338, E-mail us: Gene: a region of DNA that instructs the cell on how to build protein(s). 1 0 obj 19 Apr 2016. Mush the banana in the resealable bag for about a minute until all the lumps are gone and it almost looks like pudding. 0000003809 00000 n DNA needs a lot of DNA for the extraction. /ca 1.0 Spin the stirrer it in place to start gathering the cloudy stuff. My Do not lower the bag or mashed the banana too close to the ZIP seal on the bag. Three heaping teaspoons of the banana mixture that was made in the beginning of the experiment was then added to the shampoo, salt, and water solution and mixed with a spoon for five to ten minutes. 0000004908 00000 n Cells reproduce in part by passing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from parent cells to offspring cells. endobj Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. 166 0 obj <>stream The nanodrop system revealed that at an absorption of 260 wavelengths, the DNA measured 7.49 using a 374.66 ng/ul sample. While the banana solution was being mixed, a number two cone coffee filter was laced inside a second five-ounce cup. Melissa Wilson Sayres. Seeing Banana Banana DNA Extraction Activity Ask A Biologist activity for classroom and home Table of Contents Activity Overview Materials Review of Steps and What is Happening Instruction sheet For Teachers Next Generation Science Standards, Arizona Standards, Avery and the other scientists discovered that DNA is the nucleic acid that stores and transmits the genetic information from one generation of an organism to the next. 0000000936 00000 n Describe the limitations of traditional methods of Identifying bacteria. In the cytoplasm, the information in RNA is translated into proteins, which serve as the end products of most all genes. These instructions are in segments of DNA called genes. xnFab5\8CA _4E$`i,yI:=x-Yd.5g:#6}^={s/0lH*|?x'}=]4}vb ~M4q'(OV%l`! First, the cell must be broken open to release the The information in DNA tells our bodies how to develop, grow, and work. All the methods employ agarose gel electrophoresis to separate the DNA molecules. 0000040917 00000 n DNA I have also made the conclusion that filter paper is a neccissity. Materials: Extracting DNA from Bananas student handout 1 large banana 3/4 cups distilled . stream Explain what procedures are required to release DNA from a plant cell . endobj Salt is used at a high molarity due to the fact that it precipitates all of the proteins out. 0000006243 00000 n 0000011509 00000 n startxref endstream endobj 136 0 obj <>/Metadata 6 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/Pages 5 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/StructTreeRoot 8 0 R/Type/Catalog/Lang( E N - U S)/LastModified(D:20081007164008)/PageLabels 3 0 R>> endobj 137 0 obj <>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 138 0 obj <> endobj 139 0 obj <> endobj 140 0 obj <> endobj 141 0 obj [/ICCBased 153 0 R] endobj 142 0 obj <>stream Get expert help in mere Such mutants from allelomorphs. I. K International Publising House. This lab was conducted in order to show and analyze the way DNA is extracted. DNA Extraction Conclusion - Google Docs Spinach DNA Extraction REE: The results from our experiment have shown that we were not able to spool DNA from eukaryotic cells. Do "ot $et the 0$ter touch the bottom, m#xture so that there are two $ayers o! stream It is also essential for carrying out forensic science, sequencing genomes, detecting bacteria and viruses in the environment and for determining paternity. It does not store any personal data. /AIS false Strawberry DNA Extraction - the University of Queensland, How to Extract DNA from a Banana - Regina Bailey. /Type /XObject Retrieved March 2, 2023 from https://askabiologist.asu.edu/activities/banana-dna, Melissa Wilson Sayres. The four nitrogenous are A(adenine), G(guanine), T(thymine) and C(cytosine). Place the coffee filter in a clear glass cup, securing the top of the filter around the lip of the cup. Because of their size, it is impossible to see a single DNA molecule with the naked eye. (B) Banana Extraction 1. It is amazing how important things are being discovered by persons who spend most of their lives dedicated to research. xb``a``f Y800* @1*?./j Let us help you get a good grade on your paper. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C . During the procedure of the lab, a ratio of one banana per one cup (250 milliliters) of distilled water had to be mixed together in a blender. Updated on April 13, 2019 Extracting DNA from a banana may sound like a difficult task, but it is not very difficult at all. It is perhaps more amazing how a scientist discovers one. Well, not entirely. /SA true These engineerings have created ballyhoo among scientists since they enable inexpensive and faster. In . The mixtures were filtered through cheesecloths. A probable reason for this Body identification is a subfield of forensic science wherein investigators need to identify a body. endobj % DNA provides a blueprint for an organism's growth and development. The point both 3 small test tubes and to investigate the cell nucleus to release the DNA. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. 0000039985 00000 n Lastly, when good results were obtained, there was enough DNA to spool onto a rod or a plastic loop. To extract DNA for this activity, it is best to use mushy fruit. Add the dishwashing soap into the bag and gentlymix, trying not to make it foam up. In this study, we evaluate eight commonly used DNA extraction methods to determine their efficacy in PCR analysis across life stages and preservation . w !1AQaq"2B #3Rbr The banana DNA was easy to see as it was a light pink/clear and it was chunky and had thick pieces when picked up with the skewer but it appeared shredded in the liquid. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. It is incredibly small, but we can see it by extracting DNA and isolating chains of it. 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