how many vietnam veterans are alive today

This Spotlight on Statistics examines the demographic, employment, and unemployment characteristics of these veterans. (Vietnam veterans are dying at about the same rate as their WW2 fathers.) In the study, formally called the Air Force Health Study (AFHS), Veterans who participated in the operation gave biospecimens such as serum, urine, adipose tissue, and semen, as did a comparison group of Air Force personnel who served in Southeast Asia at the time but were not involved in herbicide spraying operations. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. The 27 Laredo veterans who lost their lives in the Vietnam War and every other local veteran who served in the conflict will soon be immortalized by the City of . Investigators have carried out many studies of this kind, focusing on Vietnam Veterans' health and well-being. Because of rounding, some details may not sum to totals. The non-twin groups were added to the registry in the late 1990s, as part of a set of family studies. Based on this, the researchers concluded that there does not appear to be a causal relation between homelessness and military service, at least with respect to Vietnam service and exposure to combat. Other notable organisations that were founded then included the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies and the National Organisation for Victim Assistance. New Zealand's total contribution numbered nearly 4,000 personnel from 1964 until 1972. Because of faulty record keeping there is no confirmed number of Americans who served in Vietnam. Over 100 veterans, most of them World War II as well as veterans of the Korean and Vietnam wars, marched to demand an accounting of the American veterans in South East Asia on January 24, 1982. Even when counting both Gulf War periods together, like is . VA contracted with an external entity, the Research Triangle Institute, to conduct the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study (NVVRS). Prostate cancer was diagnosed in a third of the Veterans. The .gov means it's official. The first appearance of a Vietnam veteran in a film seems to be The Born Losers (1967) featuring Tom Laughlin as Billy Jack. Army Chemical Corps studyThe Army Chemical Corps Vietnam-Era Veterans Health Study (2012-2013) is designed to learn if high blood pressure (hypertension) and some chronic respiratory diseases are related toherbicide exposureduring the Vietnam War. March 29 is a fitting choice for a day honoring Vietnam veterans. Many others were physically wounded, some permanently disabled. Women make up a growing share of veterans. Research is an important element of VA's amputation care program. I was deceived and its a sad situation, on this 50th Anniversary! Another finding of the NVVLS, also published in 2015, is that among male Vietnam Veterans who served in the Vietnam War, those who had PTSD related to their combat service were nearly twice as likely to die in the 25 years between the NVVRS and NVVLS studies, compared with those who did not have PTSD. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Yoder M, Tuerk PW, Price M, Grubaugh AL, Strachan M, Myrick H, Aciemo R. This study compared treatment outcomes across 112 veterans of the Vietnam War, the first Persian Gulf War, and the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. However, films featuring Vietnam veterans constitute a much larger genre.[23]. Josip Krul (December 10, 1911 - Present) Josip Krul is currently the oldest living person in Croatia, but he is an American World War II veteran. The first paper published as a result of this study, in 2014, found that women Vietnam-era Veterans had a lower risk of death from all causes combined and from diabetes, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diseases of the nervous system, compared with other American women of their age. IN HARM'S WAYHow many REAL Vietnam vetsare alive today? Official websites use .gov served on active duty anywhere in the world for a period of 180+ days, any part of which occurred between August 5, 1964, and May 7, 1975, and was discharged or released with anything other than a dishonorable discharge; was discharged or released from active duty for a service-connected disability if any part of such active duty was performed between August 5, 1964, and May 7, 1975. A Vietnam veteran is an individual who performed active military, naval, or air service in the Republic of Vietnam during the Vietnam War. The ACS is conducted in every county throughout the nation. By alleviating the symptoms, the anti-psychotics and narcotics offered temporary relief. At this rate there will be only a few of us alive in 2015. However, many health issues persist for Veterans of both eras, including pain, skin problems, TBI, and PTSD. There are 22,658,000 veterans in america today, just 8 percent of which are female. In television, the first Vietnam veteran to be a regular character in a U.S. dramatic series was Lincoln Case on Route 66. Do you have a family member who served in Vietnam? Gerontologist. #HistoryC. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2017; 26: 1244-1251. NVVRS study resultsIn 1983, Congress mandated that VA conduct a study on postwar psychological problems among Vietnam Veterans. VA is managing this follow-up study, called the National Vietnam Veterans Longitudinal Study (NVVLS). Among veterans who had a service-connected disability, Post-9/11 veterans had a 39% chance of having a disability rating of 70% or more significantly higher than for veterans from other periods. [17] From 1975 to 2002, forty-four Soviet servicemen were killed in Vietnam, mainly in aviation accidents. 2012 Feb;9(1):16-25. In 2019, approximately 3.4 million Vietnam War Veterans were enrolled for Veterans Health Administration services (12). They found, in 2012, that Veterans from all three groups showed significant improvement in their PTSD symptoms, although Persian Gulf Veterans did not respond to treatment at the same rate or to the same degree as Vietnam Veterans or Afghanistan and Iraq Veterans. About 85 percent were considered "negative" for PTSD. An official website of theU.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Looking for U.S. government information and services? The Department of Veterans Affairs recognizes veterans that served in the country, then known as the Republic of Vietnam, from February 28, 1961, to May 7, 1975, as being eligible for such programs as the department's Readjustment Counseling Services program, also known as the Vet Centers. The U.S. military had routinely provided heavy psychoactive drugs, including amphetamines, to American servicemen, which left them unable to process adequately their war traumas at the time. Many of them are Veterans themselves. Census Bureau Releases New Report on Veterans, Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), Those Who Served: Americas Veterans From World War II to the War on Terror. The Philippines sent the "Philippine Civic Action Group" (PHILCAG-V), which entered Vietnam in September 1966, to set up operations in a base camp in Tay Ninh Province northwest of Saigon. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 2015 Jun;30(6):623-30. 2015 Nov;72(11):1127-34. The logistical support provided by China allowed for continuous operations and guerrilla warfare tactics used by the North Vietnamese forces, regardless of American-led attempts to stop the flow of resources down the "Ho Chi Minh trail" to South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam). A total of 9,087,000 military personnel served on active duty during the Vietnam era, with over 2,709,000 Americans serving in Vietnam, about 9.7% of the generation. VA also works with DoD to support joint research initiatives to determine the value of new technological devices, and how they should be used. Alzheimers Dement. For US Vietnam Veterans it's about 66 years vs just about 78 years for non vets. On this Memorial Day 2021, VA honors their service and recommits itself to . From 1969 to 1971, there were around 22,000 ARVN combat deaths per year. Male and female theater Veterans with high exposure to warzone stress were nearly twice as likely to have died than those with low or moderate warzone stress exposure. Since the end of the war, the remains of 1,062 have been repatriated, but 1,584 are still unaccounted for (7). Public sentiment roiled in a backlash of anti-war marches and protests when they returned. On the other hand, many scientists say that if an effect has not been measured in the lab, it doesn't exist. (In their paper, the researchers discuss why the excess cancer deaths are likely not a result of Agent Orange exposure.). The Health and Medicine Division (HMD) (formally known as the Institute of Medicine) released Post-Vietnam Dioxin Exposure in Agent Orange-Contaminated C-123 Aircraft on Jan. 9, 2015. Over 47,000 lost their lives as a result of combat and nearly 11,000 perished from other causes (1). During the war, more than 58,000 servicemen and women lost their lives. Am J Psychiatry. RNZAF flew troops and supplies, did helicopter missions (as part of RAAF), or worked as Forward Air Controllers in the USAF. An overwhelming number are buried by family and friends. Vietnam Veterans represent the largest cohort of American Veterans in terms of service era. Effects of traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorder on Alzheimer's disease in Veterans, using the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. or concerned about one, connect with our caring, qualified responders for confidential help. About 1.7 million, or 9% of veterans, were women in 2018. ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. Homelessness and Vietnam combatIn 1991, NEPEC researchers found the proportion of homeless Veterans who had served in Vietnam and been exposed to combat was the same as among non-homeless Veterans. The most recent survey by the Department of Veterans Affairs was taken in 2018 which showed there were 568,344 surviving veterans in the United States. According to the Australian Government Nominal Roll of Vietnam Veterans[8] 13,600 members of the Royal Australian Navy, 41,720 members of the Australian Army, and 4,900 members of the Royal Australian Air Force served in Vietnam from 1962 to 1975. Hometown: Vega Baja, Puerto Rico. Veterans with qualifying Vietnam service, and service in the Korean demilitarized zone, are presumed to have been exposed to Agent Orange. [23] This is also the theme of Taxi Driver (1976) in which Robert De Niro plays Vietnam veteran Travis Bickle who wages a one-man war against society whilst he makes plans to assassinate a presidential candidate. At present, there is no exact figure for the number of Vietnam veterans who are still alive. American servicemen who served between January 9, 1962 - May 7, 1975 are presumed to have been exposed to herbicides, such as Agent Orange.[5]. Kaiser AP, Spiro A 3rd, Lee LO, Stellman JM. Rosenheck R, Gallup P, and Leda CA. "[2], In the United States, the term "Vietnam veteran" is not typically used in relation to members of the People's Army of Vietnam or the Viet Cong (also known as the National Liberation Front) due to the United States' alliance with South Vietnamese forces.[3]. Physical health conditions among a population-based cohort of Vietnam-era women Veterans: Agreement between self-report and medical records. Today, National Vietnam War Veterans Day honors everyone who served on active duty in the U.S. military from Nov. 1, 1955, to May 15, 1975, the Vietnam War Commemoration says on its website. (This team was additional but separate from the civilian medical team that had arrived in 1963 and left in 1975.) In the period 19661969, the U.S. military provided 225 million tablets of stimulants, mostly dextroamphetamine, according to a 1971 report by the Select Committee on Crime of the U.S. House of Representatives. According to the U. S. Department of Veterans Affairs, there are approximately 7. Prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder in Vietnam-era women Veterans: the health of Vietnam-era women's study (HealthVIEWS). The association of PTSD with physical and mental health functioning and disability (VA Cooperative Study #569: the course and consequences of posttraumatic stress disorder in Vietnam-era veteran twins). Many did not. Lock VA invited approximately 43,000 Vietnam-era Veterans and approximately 11,000 members of the general population to complete a survey with questions about their military service (if applicable), general health, aging experience, and lifestyle. MacGyver having served in a bomb disposal unit. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. VA established an Agent Orange Registry to study the health effects associated with exposure to herbicides such as Agent Orange. To find closure, thousands of former American soldiers have visited and some have decided to move permanently to Vietnam to confront the psychological and physical remnants of the Vietnam War. Lyrics reference a calm before a storm that's "been comin' for some time." For many the turbulence continued long after departing Southeast Asia. It is projected that number will jump to 17% by 2040. All subjects were diagnosed with PTSD and enrolled in prolonged exposure treatment. 2014 Jun: 10(3 Suppl);S226-35. estimated to be alive today, with the youngest American Vietnam veteran's age approximated to be 54 years old." So, if you're alive and reading this, how does it . J Rehabil Res Dev, 2010;47(4):275-97. They are predominantly male (91.6 percent), though the number of female veterans is on the rise. 2011 Sep;168(9):978-95. Air Force Health StudyIn 1979, Congress directed that a study be conducted of the military personnel likely to have been the most highly exposed to Agent Orange herbicide in Vietnam: those who conducted missions as part of Operation Ranch Hand. The online research project that includes the 2,709,918 Vietnam veterans officially listed by the Department of Defense [*] is available here where veterans whose Vietnam service is indicated as confirmed or unconfirmed: VETERANS REGISTRY APPLICATION New Zealand and Australian combat forces were withdrawn in 1971. While the majority of Vietnam Veterans successfully readjusted to postwar life, a substantial minority of Vietnam-era Veterans have suffered from a variety of psychological problems, and have experienced a wide range of life-adjustment problems. They were intentionally withheld causing me and my dependents to be deprived of all C & P for 45 of the 50 years. They helped develop many of the debriefing techniques that are now used for traumatized populations from all walks of life. These include artificial limbs, durable medical equipment, hearing aids, eyeglasses, ramp and vehicle modifications, and implantable devices such as replacement hips or biological tissues. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. HealthVIEWS: mortality study of female US Vietnam era Veterans, 1965-2010. Veterans Veterans Demographic, social, and economic data on veterans are collected on several U.S. Census Bureau surveys. Women Vietnam Veterans: Do PTSD Symptoms Mediate Effects of Warzone Service on Health? 10. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS The non-combat force included an engineer construction battalion, medical and rural community development teams, a security battalion, and a logistics and headquarters element. These differences were not considered statistically significant. The operation was called Operation Ranch Hand. He is a WWII, Korean, and Vietnam was veteran. Roughly 50% of all Veterans live in one of the Top 10 Most Veteran Friendly States, mainly in the Southwestern and Eastern regions of the United States. The Congressional Budget Office compared the income of male Vietnam veterans with the income of male nonveterans the same ages. Researchers found evidence that bladder cancer and hypothyroidism are more strongly linked to Agent Orange exposure than previously thought. Over the past three decades The War Library has heard from a thousands of individuals claiming they served in military or combat operations either on land or at sea in Vietnam. At the end of 2018, an estimated. The Vietnam-Era Veterans' Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974, as amended, 38U.S.C. Lock More than 5 million veterans have at least one disability, 1.2 million live in poverty, and 77% of veterans aged 18 to 64 are employed or looking for work. My brother-in-law (a highly decorated Air Force Chief from Operation Shock and Awe) sends me things all of the time. During the Vietnam War, the U.S. military used more than 19 million gallons of various herbicides for defoliation and crop destruction in the Republic of Vietnam. The risk of skin cancer was highest (73 percent) among Veterans involved in spraying Agent Orange. VA researchers have long recognized the importance of gathering reliable and generalizable information on Vietnam Veterans and those who served during the Vietnam era, in order to inform health care policies and practices. Most of these were Canadians who lived in the United States. A locked padlock A study of 300 Vietnam Veterans finds that prevention, rather than management, of hypertension may be vital to preserving brain health in aging. Weiner MW, Veitch DP, Hayes J, Neylan T, Grafman J, Aisen PS, Petersen RC, Jack C, Jagust W, Trojanowski JQ, Shaw LM, Saykin AJ, Green RC, Harvey D, Toga AW, Friedl KE, Pacifico A, Sheline Y, Yaffe K, Mohlenoff B, Department of Defense Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Institute. From late-onset stress symptomology to later-adulthood trauma reengagement in aging combat Veterans: taking a broader view. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Whilst their presence was never acknowledged by the USSR or any of her successor nations, Soviet involvement was an open secret. Davison EH, Kaiser AP, Spiro A 3rd, Moye J, King LA, King DW. Korean War Veterans Memorial to add a list of those who died in combat National Park Service says 43,000 dead will be listed in granite on the wall By Michael E. Ruane March 15, 2021 at 10:22. They founded one of the first local organisations by and for Vietnam veterans in 1981, now known as Veterans Village. The reports are derived by geocoding beneficiaries to local government area boundaries - that is, determining their exact geographical location. Many thousands more were recipients of other military awards in recognition of their heroism in battle. These reports summarise the numbers of DVA pensioners and treatment card holders in each of Australia's local government areas by State and Territory. June 7,2022. Training Program, Federal-wide Research Performance Progress Report, Selected Major Accomplishments in VA Research, Selected Scientific Articles by Our Researchers, War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study, Vietnam Era Health Retrospective Observational Study, Army Chemical Corps Vietnam-Era Veterans Health Study, Post-Vietnam Dioxin Exposure in Agent Orange-Contaminated C-123 Aircraft, HealthVIEWS: Health of Vietnam Era Women's Study, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Heart-mind mystery: Unraveling the link between PTSD and heart disease, Vietnam Veterans to take part in nationwide Alzheimer's study, Study: Depression, anxiety rates roughly equal among older Vets, non-Vets, Brain damage from high blood pressure starts early, Vietnam era and Vietnam combat Veterans among the homeless, Servicemembers and veterans with major traumatic limb loss from Vietnam War and OIF/OEF conflicts: survey methods, participants, and summary findings, Exaggerated activation of dorsal anterior cingulate cortex during cognitive interference: a monozygotic twin study of posttraumatic stress disorder. Fred Griffin, a military historian with the Canadian War Museum, estimated in Vietnam Magazine (Perspectives) that approximately 12,000 of this personnel served in Vietnam. The purpose of the study, completed in 1988, was to obtain accurate prevalence rates of postwar psychological problems in Vietnam-era Veterans. Since 1994, IOM has published scientific reviews on the long-term health effects of herbicides on Vietnam Veterans every two years. A report in 1999 shows Australian Vietnam Veterans life expectancy at 56 years. A significant proportion of the surviving South Vietnamese veterans left the country for Western countries including the United States and Australia, either by or through the Humanitarian Operation (HO). If true, 390 VN vets die a day. Prepared by the VAOffice of Enterprise Integration,Office of Data Governance and Analytics,National Center for Veterans Analysis and Statistics, in conjunction with theVA History Office. The Vietnam War was the last American war in which the U.S. government employed conscription. That social division has expressed itself by the lack both of public and institutional support for the former servicemen that would be expected by returning combatants of most conflicts in most nations. Am J Epidemiol. (Very few Vietnam veterans were women.) Other New Zealanders from various branches of service were stationed at 1 ALSG in Vung Tau and New Zealand V Force Headquarters in Saigon. If you are a Veteran in crisis pio@census.gov. Since 1988 The War Library has been working to verify the names of all Americans who served in Vietnam, or were authorized the Vietnam War Service Medal. A total of 262 service members from the Army, Marine Corps, Navy and Air Force received the nations highest military decoration for valor, the Medal of Honor (4). To sign up for updates please enter your email address. A more recent example is Bruce Dern's portrayal of a down-and-out veteran in the film Monster (2003). For additional information on Vietnam Veterans and issues related to their health status, read the diabetes, hepatitis C, homelessness, mental health, prosthetics, PTSD, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, and women veterans' VA research topic pages. The Gulf War era includes two periods - Gulf War I, from August 1990 to August 2001, and Gulf War II, from September 2001 to the present. More than a . There are still, however, many proven cases of individuals who have suffered psychological damage from their time in Vietnam. Maguen S, Metzler TJ, Bosch J, Marmar CR, Knight SJ, Neylan TC. In . About 3 percent had subthreshold war-zone PTSD. A number of research projects are designed to evaluate new prosthetic devices, and to improve clinical care. But their treatment by government and civilians were completely different. It revises and replaces the estimate and projection in VetPop2018. Participants reported on their combat injuries; health status; quality of life; and the use and functioning of their prosthetic devices. Jorge Otero Barreto. A tune John Fogarty wrote in 1971 echoes among veterans who spent time in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. Official websites use .gov Because Veterans, especially those who served in combat, have generally experienced more stress and trauma in their lives than non-Veterans, the team had expected to see higher rates of depression among Veterans. Based on data through September 30, 2020, VetPop2020 provides a projection of the Veteran population at each fiscal year end from 2020 to 2050. Is there any talk going on anymore about this? The defoliant was extremely effective in doing what it was designed for, but the chemical Dioxin's long-term effects on human health and well-being have proven to be both devastating and long lasting to Vietnam veterans and their families and to generations of Vietnamese since the wars end. Veterans who served in Vietnam any time during the period beginning Jan. 9, 1962, and ending May 7, 1975, are presumed to have been exposed to herbicides. Following the North Vietnamese victory on April 30, 1975, South Vietnamese veterans were arrested and detained in labor camps in desolate areas. This, of course, is a lie. Post-9/11 veterans had a 43% chance of having a service-connected disability, after accounting for differences in demographic and social characteristics among veterans significantly higher than that of veterans from other periods. Vietnam War veterans are eligible for benefits that are open to all U.S. military veterans, including but not limited to disability compensation for service-connected disabilities, such as post-traumatic stress disorder and amputations; pension; health care; loans; and insurance. In some cases, however, anxiety continues for a long period and may worsen over time, with symptoms such as nightmares, racing pulse, and overreactions. Both scales performed similarly. ", This page was last edited on 12 January 2023, at 15:49. The show depicted his effort to make peace with himself and others. Posted in these groups: Vietnam War American History Posted >1 y ago Follow this discussion Responses: 58 Sort By Newest Oldest Votes 39 39 0 Enjoy your remaining time and live long and prosper. As of this date The American War Library estimates that approximately 610,000 Americans who served on land in Vietnam or in the air over Vietnam between 1954 and 1975 are alive today. Vietnam veterans are dying at the rate of 390 deaths each day. The American War Library (amervets.com) McEvoy LK, Fennema-Notestine C, Eyler LT, Franz CE, Hagler DJ Jr, Lyons MJ, Panizzon MS, Rinker DA, Dale AM, Kremen WS. One son has died 1.5 years ago because of the Agent Orange affecting him and he was only 47. Watch on. Through reminiscence, life review, and wrestling with issues such as integrity versus despair, they intentionally re-engage with experiences they avoided or managed successfully earlier in their lives. Suicidality study based on NVVRS dataA 2012 study led by researchers at the San Francisco VA Medical Center and the University of California, San Francisco, used NVVRS data to determine that the experience of killing in war was strongly associated with thoughts of suicide. New findings from the National Vietnam Veterans Longitudinal Study show that about 271,000 veterans who served in Vietnam still suffer from PTSD and other major depressive disorders. About 1.7 million, or 9% of veterans, were women in 2018. They also determined the link between killing and actually attempting suicide was not as significant as the link between killing and suicidal thoughts. An additional 320,000 surviving spouses, nearly 5,000 children, and 542 parents of Vietnam War Veterans were also receiving benefits from the VBA (1). Born: 04/07/1937. Over 8.7 million Americans served in the Armed Forces during the Vietnam era from 1964 to 1973 (1). I am still grateful, though I suffered enormously for 5 Decades, and never recovered. [12] Units included the elite Queen's Cobras and the renowned Black Panther Division of the Royal Thai Army Volunteer Force. They found that, as they age, many combat Veterans confront and rework their wartime memories in an effort to find meaning and build coherence. It is also where he acquired his urge to punish the guilty, which goes on to be a defining trait in Castles' character. them are Veterans themselves. All are very old "children" (Fred, 93, is not the oldest among them), born . The veterans and their families were detained without trial for decades at a time. 37 were killed and 187 were wounded. As of November 2020 nearly 1.6 million were also being served by the various programs of the Veterans Benefits Administration (1). There are persistent stereotypes about Vietnam veterans as psychologically devastated, bitter, homeless, drug-addicted people, who had a hard time readjusting to society, primarily because of the uniquely divisive nature of the Vietnam War in the context of U.S. history. The number of Vietnam veteran deaths has almost doubled since 2001 and, according Department of Veterans Affairs' projections, will hit 103,890 this year -- approaching 300 a day. The veterans who started working in the early Vet Centers eventually began to reach out and serve World War II and Korean vets as well, many of whom had suppressed their traumas or had self-medicated for years. The last of the Thai troops left Vietnam in April 1972, with 351 killed and 1,358 wounded. How Many Vietnam War Veterans Are Still Alive? According to the research team, the prevalence of PTSD for women who served in Vietnam was higher than previously documented, and Vietnam service significantly increased the chances of developing PTSD relative to service in the United States. After he was unable to find work in his hometown after high school, Krul decided to move to America. For questions, please email us atVANCVAS@va.gov. [10] Despite high mortality rates among New Zealand Vietnam veterans attributed to Agent Orange, the New Zealand Government has been accused of ignoring the issue until only recently. Even though the role of PHILCAG-V was humanitarian, 9 personnel were killed and 64 wounded[13] throughout their 40-month stay through sniper attacks, land mines, and booby traps. John Rockhold, a Vietnam veteran, stands on a street in Ho Chi Minh City, formerly known as Saigon. 12 Sponsored by The NDE OBE Research Project How Many Vietnam War Veterans Are Still Alive? Note: Access demographic, economic and population data from the U.S. Census Bureau. The Royal Australian Navy (RAN) performed a variety of operational tasks at sea, ashore and in the air. Programs are administered through three VA administrations. More than three-quarters of Post-9/11 and Gulf War veterans had at least some college experience, and more than one-third of Gulf War veterans had a college degree. Have you asked your Congressman/woman for help on past benefits? However, in many parts of east and southeast Asia, the term "Vietnam veteran" may also apply to allies of the North Vietnamese, including the People's Army of Vietnam, the Viet Cong (National Liberation Front), the People's Liberation Army of China, and the Korean People's Army of North Korea.

Rescue Horses For Sale In Maine, Rawlins, Wy Arrests, Articles H